They must be specified with a exact filename. If you need to rename a file, it is best to rename the file on the CVS server so that the history of the file is preserved.
If you need to rename a file, send an email to cvsdocs-administrator fedora. Sometimes it is necessary to view the status of a file in a CVS module. To view the status of a file, use the command:. Your revision of the file is identical to the latest revision on the CVS server. You have updated to the latest revision from the server, but then you modified the file on your system.
You added the file with the cvs add command but have not yet committed the addition of the file. You removed the file with the cvs remove command but have not yet committed the removal.
A newer version of the file is on the server and needs to be retrieved. Even though the status includes the word checkout, it really means that you need to update your files with the cvs update command. The revision in your local checkout needs a patch to be the latest revision from the server.
Issue the cvs update command to resolve. A newer revision exists on the server and your local version contains modification not yet committed. This status usually occurs if you don't have the latest revision of the file and edit it anyway. Similar to Needs Merge , except when you tried to issue the cvs update command, the differences could not be resolved automatically. Refer to Section The CVS server does not know anything about this file.
It has neither been added nor removed locally and has never been committed to the server. This status usually occurs for files you should not commit to CVS such as generated-index.
If you modify a file and the same region is modified by someone else and committed first, you will probably see a message similar to the following when committing the file or updating your local copy of the module:. For example:. All commands assume you are in the proper directory for the CVS module. If you want to configure your machine so that you do not have to enter a password, refer to the Red Hat Linux 9 Customization Guide for details about using ssh-agent.
CVS Next. Basic CVS Commands. Also, the cvs status and cvs log commands show the overall state of the file, including the trunk and the branch. Changes from the trunk can be merged onto a branch, and changes from a branch can be merged back into the main trunk.
The branch can either be abandoned or continued, depending on the purpose for the merge. Branching has many uses. In programming projects and content management, branches are often used for experimental work, candidates for product releases to the users, refactoring code or content, or bug fixes. For configuration management, the trunk can be used for the default configuration and branches can be the standard variants—one branch for web servers, one for mail servers, and so on.
The following list describes some common uses for different types of branches. Branch types are explained in detail in Section 4. Use long branches, and occasionally nested branches, for variations on similar themes. Make changes on the trunk and merge them to the branch if the branch needs those changes. Depending on how major the rewrite is, you can use long branches merged to the trunk, long branches merged in both directions, or short branches.
Use long branches, and merge changes to the trunk. You can convert the branch to a bugfix-management branch after release. You can make a branch with the -b option to the cvs tag or cvs rtag commands.
This option can be combined with any of the other tag-creation options of those commands. You can use a date, existing tag, or revision number to specify the revision to be branched from. If you use cvs tag, you can also make a branch from the most recently synchronized sandbox revision. Doing so acts like tagging from the sandbox revision, as shown earlier in Section 4.
Example demonstrates the creation of a branch from an existing tag using cvs tag. The output from the cvs update command can be used to check that no files have changed.
Branch creation occurs in the repository, not the sandbox. To edit the branch revisions of the files, you need to check out a branch sandbox or use update to alter the current sandbox to the branch.
It is good practice to tag the trunk just before splitting off a branch, because this makes it easier to merge the changes back later.
To be absolutely certain that the revisions tagged with the prebranch tag are the revisions used as the base of the branch, use cvs rtag -r pre-branch-tag -b branch-tag project to create the branch. This command uses the prebranch tag to specify the revisions the branch is created from. Example shows how to create a prebranch tag and then the branch.
Then, cvs status is used to show the tag status of one of the files. If you have not committed any of the changes, you can retroactively create a branch from the current sandbox using the following process:. Do not commit your changes until after you have made the branch. This is important, because you are using a feature of the tag command to make the branch point before the latest set of changes. Copy the whole sandbox to a temporary directory until after the changes have been successfully committed into CVS.
Use the command cvs tag -b branchname to create the branch. The tag command tags the last revisions that were committed to the repository or updated from the repository, which hopefully are the revisions before the changes you want to branch off of.
The cvs tag command does not modify your sandbox. Use the command cvs update -r branchname to change your sandbox to a branch sandbox. This causes CVS to try to merge the branch revisions into the files currently in the sandbox, but because the sandbox files are based on the branch revisions, this merge results in unchanged files.
CVS sets sticky branch tags on the files in the sandbox, marking them as belonging to the branch. Issue cvs commit to upload your changes in the files to the repository as the next revision on the branch. This technique relies on the fact that cvs tag marks the repository at the point when the sandbox was last synchronized with the repository.
The branch is created at that time, so when you update the sandbox to your branch, CVS tries to merge the base files your sandbox was created from with the files in the sandbox, leaving your sandbox unchanged. Example shows an example of retroactive branching.
If you have committed changes, you can retroactively make a branch from a date with the method shown in Example , but use the -D date command option to the cvs tag command. If you copy and paste the times from cvs log output, add the UTC time zone to your -D date option.
To change the files in a branch, you need to check out a sandbox that is based on the branch you want to change. In a branch sandbox, cvs commit commits the changes to the branch in the repository and cvs update brings down changes from the repository copy of the branch to the sandbox.
You create a branch sandbox with the -r branch-tag-name argument to cvs checkout or cvs update. Figure illustrates the results of checking out a branch sandbox. CVS marks the sandbox copies of files in a branch sandbox with a sticky tag to record that those files belong to the branch. See Example for an example of creating a branch sandbox and a status report of one of the files with a sticky branch tag. You can also retrieve individual branch files to a normal sandbox, but I do not recommend allowing yourself to have a sandbox of mixed branch and trunk files.
Use checkout from a nonsandbox directory if you want to check out individual files that do not belong to the same branch or trunk as the current sandbox. The -A flag to update allows you to revert from a branch sandbox to a trunk. It removes the sticky flags and retrieves the most recent trunk versions of the files.
Any changes in your sandbox since the revision that the sandbox files are based on the BASE revision are merged into the retrieved files. Use a branch sandbox like a normal sandbox. Actions based on revisions of a file affect the branch rather than the trunk. Actions based on the repository copy of the file as a whole reflect the full file. For instance, running cvs status in a branch sandbox reports the status of the local copy of the files, the trunk revision numbers for the working and repository revisions, and the current branch tag and revision as the sticky tag.
When cvs add or cvs remove are applied to files in a branch sandbox, the addition or removal applies only to the branch and does not affect the trunk.
Example shows the response from CVS after adding a file to a branch. Other than parsing the version numbers, no there is no way of telling. So, how would one parse the version numbers then in order to filter out tags and only keep branches? Nevermind, I've already found the information. There are two main rules: "branch numbers consist of an odd number of dot-separated decimals" and "CVS sometimes inserts an extra 0 in the second rightmost position".
Tom Duckering Tom Duckering 2, 1 1 gold badge 22 22 silver badges 26 26 bronze badges. Trough a shell you may use cvs log -h -l module. Decio Lira Decio Lira 1, 1 1 gold badge 17 17 silver badges 24 24 bronze badges. A just added the wincvs info so it could be useful to other people.
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